Instruction
Should you make your backswing shorter or longer?
Your backswing length needs to produce enough speed to create the necessary distance, but also provide consistency for the most accurate shots possible. Sometimes golfers need more distance and other times they need more accuracy, and finding the happy medium isn’t always easy.
Obviously there is NO perfect backswing length for every golfer; if there was I would have told you by now! You certainly don’t want your backswing to be short and choppy, nor do you want to be long and loose. So how do you know what length is best for you?
In this article, I’ve demonstrated a short, medium and long backswing on Trackman so we can see what the data says about the three positions in regard to my swing.
Note: Individual golfers may find different results, so use these numbers as a guideline rather than a rule.
The Short Backswing
- Some of the best short-backswing players on Tour that you should watch on YouTube are John Cook, Liselotte Neumann and Jeff Sluman.
- With the driver, it’s easy to get too quick in your transition with a short backswing; thus, you must “wait” for it at the top.
- You must keep the right arm wide at the top for maximum swing width because when swinging this short you need to maximize your sources of power.
- Players with this type of swing need to have aggressive lower body transitions to “whip” the club through impact. Slow hip players need more swing length for necessary power.
- Make sure you stay “behind the ball” during your transition to help you hit up on the ball. If you move into the ball too much from here, you’ll chop down on it through impact.
- The club appears “laid off,” but in relation to a line drawn through the shoulder turn it is perpendicular — a perfect position.
The Normal Backswing
- Some of the best normal-backswing players on Tour you can view on YouTube are Greg Norman, Steve Elkington and Jason Day.
- A club in the “normal” position has reached about parallel to the ground and you can see that the shoulders have turned around 90 degrees.
- As the upper body turns, you must make sure that your foundation is solid or “receiving” the turn. Your weight should stay on the inside of your right foot at the top.
- The left shoulder will be a touch behind the ball in this position, allowing a fuller turn to the top. More distance should result.
- Based on the flexibility of the golfer, you might see a slight softening of the left arm at the top. There is a difference between soft and loose at the top — soft is good, loose is not.
- Be mindful of your clubface position at the top. Your left wrist position and how you grip the club will control whether the club face is open, square or closed at the top.
The Long Backswing
- Some of the best long-backswing players on Tour you should watch on YouTube are John Daly, Phil Mickelson and Tom Watson in his younger years.
- A longer backswing position requires a shoulder turn that is past 90 degrees and the lower body action accommodates that with a free turn to the top.
- You might see a left foot that comes off the ground with this player, a straightening right knee to the top and/or weight that moves slightly to the outside of the right foot.
- Be careful not to allow your arms to “droop” at this point in the swing. The right arm is still as wide as you can make it within reason.
- If you sway off the ball to any great degree with this longer swing, you will find it very hard to get back “to” the golf ball through impact.
- When the swing is this long, the club tends to move slightly across the line at the top due to the right arm leaving the body.
- Longer swings make it a touch easier to come over the top due to the more upright arm position.
Conclusion
- Look at the dispersion circles and you will see that the shorter backswing produced the tightest pattern.
- Except for one ball each, the normal and the long swing had about the same pattern, but the CARRY distances were quite different.
- The only issue I had with the longer swing was the inefficiency of contact due to it not being my normal motion, but the results weren’t too bad.
Clubhead Speeds
Short: 99.8 mph
Normal: 103.8 mph
Long: 107.7 mph
Ball Speeds
Short: 148.9 yards
Normal: 154.9 yards
Long: 157 yards
Carry
Short: 231.5 yards
Normal: 248.6 yards
Long: 256.8 yards
Total
Short: 261.3 yards
Normal: 273.2 yards
Long: 279.2 yards
*Trackman roll numbers replicate the conditions of PGA Tour fairways.
Side
Short: 6.3 yards
Normal: 16.4 yards
Long: 20.1 yards
It’s up to you to choose a shorter swing that finds more fairways or a longer swing than can add more distance. I’d suggest you find YOUR middle swing of the three and you will have good distance and quality accuracy in the end.
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Instruction
Clement: Laid-off or perfect fade? Across-the-line or perfect draw?
Some call the image on the left laid off, but if you are hitting a fade, this could be a perfect backswing for it! Same for across the line for a draw! Stop racking your brain with perceived mistakes and simply match backswing to shot shape!
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Instruction
The Wedge Guy: The easiest-to-learn golf basic
My golf learning began with this simple fact – if you don’t have a fundamentally sound hold on the golf club, it is practically impossible for your body to execute a fundamentally sound golf swing. I’m still a big believer that the golf swing is much easier to execute if you begin with the proper hold on the club.
As you might imagine, I come into contact with hundreds of golfers of all skill levels. And it is very rare to see a good player with a bad hold on the golf club. There are some exceptions, for sure, but they are very few and very far between, and they typically have beat so many balls with their poor grip that they’ve found a way to work around it.
The reality of biophysics is that the body moves only in certain ways – and the particulars of the way you hold the golf club can totally prevent a sound swing motion that allows the club to release properly through the impact zone. The wonderful thing is that anyone can learn how to put a fundamentally sound hold on the golf club, and you can practice it anywhere your hands are not otherwise engaged, like watching TV or just sitting and relaxing.
Whether you prefer an overlap, interlock or full-finger (not baseball!) grip on the club, the same fundamentals apply. Here are the major grip faults I see most often, in the order of the frequency:
Mis-aligned hands
By this I mean that the palms of the two hands are not parallel to each other. Too many golfers have a weak left hand and strong right, or vice versa. The easiest way to learn how to hold the club with your palms aligned properly is to grip a plain wooden ruler or yardstick. It forces the hands to align properly and shows you how that feels. If you grip and re-grip a yardstick several times, then grip a club, you’ll see that the learning curve is almost immediate.
The position of the grip in the upper/left hand
I also observe many golfers who have the butt of the grip too far into the heel pad of the upper hand (the left hand for right-handed players). It’s amazing how much easier it is to release the club through the ball if even 1/4-1/2″ of the butt is beyond the left heel pad. Try this yourself to see what I mean. Swing the club freely with just your left hand and notice the difference in its release from when you hold it at the end of the grip, versus gripping down even a half inch.
To help you really understand how this works, go to the range and hit shots with your five-iron gripped down a full inch to make the club the same length as your seven-iron. You will probably see an amazing shot shape difference, and likely not see as much distance loss as you would expect.
Too much lower (right) hand on the club
It seems like almost all golfers of 8-10 handicap or higher have the club too far into the palm of the lower hand, because that feels “good” if you are trying to control the path of the clubhead to the ball. But the golf swing is not an effort to hit at the ball – it is a swing of the club. The proper hold on the club has the grip underneath the pad at the base of the fingers. This will likely feel “weak” to you — like you cannot control the club like that. EXACTLY. You should not be trying to control the club with your lower/master hand.
Gripping too tightly
Nearly all golfers hold the club too tightly, which tenses up the forearms and prevents a proper release of the club through impact. In order for the club to move back and through properly, you must feel that the club is controlled by the last three fingers of the upper hand, and the middle two fingers of the lower hand. If you engage your thumbs and forefingers in “holding” the club, the result will almost always be a grip that is too tight. Try this for yourself. Hold the club in your upper hand only, and squeeze firmly with just the last three fingers, with the forefinger and thumb off the club entirely. You have good control, but your forearms are not tense. Then begin to squeeze down with your thumb and forefinger and observe the tensing of the entire forearm. This is the way we are made, so the key to preventing tenseness in the arms is to hold the club very lightly with the “pinchers” — the thumbs and forefingers.
So, those are what I believe are the four fundamentals of a good grip. Anyone can learn them in their home or office very quickly. There is no easier way to improve your ball striking consistency and add distance than giving more attention to the way you hold the golf club.
More from the Wedge Guy
- The Wedge Guy: Golf mastery begins with your wedge game
- The Wedge Guy: Why golf is 20 times harder than brain surgery
- The Wedge Guy: Musings on the golf ball rollback
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Instruction
Clement: Stop ripping off your swing with this drill!
Not the dreaded headcover under the armpit drill! As if your body is defective and can’t function by itself! Have you seen how incredible the human machine is with all the incredible feats of agility all kinds of athletes are accomplishing? You think your body is so defective (the good Lord is laughing his head off at you) that it needs a headcover tucked under the armpit so you can swing like T-Rex?
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Jeff
Jan 15, 2015 at 12:25 am
Your pictures are incorrect it seems. In the normal swing your shots are between 260-280. Carry 267 Total 287. However in your conclusion you say the normal shots are around 248. Check your pictures again as it seems for you a normal swing is much much better than the others. Just looking out…
Tom Stickney
Jan 14, 2015 at 3:08 pm
Great thoughts bob.
Bob
Jan 14, 2015 at 10:26 am
When you pound a nail with a hammer, you take the hammer back only so far. Farther than that, you subconsciously lose the feel for being sure the hammer will strike the nail accurately, or at all. It’s the same with a golf club. There’s a point in the backswing beyond which you subconsciously lose the connection between the clubface and the golf ball. Then you’re left with trying to find the ball again on the way down. Feeling that point of farthest connection is how you determine the length of your backswing. It’s a slightly different length for every club and every shot, but it’s a consistent feeling. Become sensitive to it and you never go wrong.
Ryan K
Jan 14, 2015 at 8:25 pm
Great analogy
Swingblade
Jan 16, 2015 at 2:49 pm
Ditto…
other paul
Jan 13, 2015 at 10:48 pm
Good article Tom. I think you should take some of your own advice from one of your earlier articles (unless you did already…). You said that if people want to swing faster they should take Jaacob Boudens (I think i spelled his name wrong, oops) swing speed program. I am working on it for about two weeks and have gained 11 yards (260->271 average, longest 280->290). Then you would be as fast a swinger as all the other wrxers ????
Tom Stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 10:07 pm
Super- thx
Tom Stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 10:06 pm
Christian– check out dan pohl from the tour in the 80’s
christian
Jan 13, 2015 at 9:43 pm
I hit it further than anybody I know or play with, but I have a really short backswing, much shorter than even the one you demonstrate here. Are there any real long hitters with short backswings? Like on the Long Drive tour?
Daniel
Jan 14, 2015 at 9:36 am
JB Holmes has a very short backswing and is one of the longest on PGA Tour
Josh
Jan 14, 2015 at 9:50 am
JP Holmes?
Shane
Mar 12, 2015 at 11:53 am
Look for YouTube videos of Alvaro Quiros. He’s a prime example of exemplary technique in a tall man who has a very short swing and highly aggressive hip turn. You will also notice the balance and poise throughout his swing which is essential regardless of swing length. Hope this helps 🙂
Supermangolf
Jan 13, 2015 at 4:50 pm
Loved this article, I have been struggling a lot with the length and tempo of my back swing as it has gotten Very quick and short. Accuracy has been good but the drop in distance has hurt my game more than the added benefit.
Any drills you can think of to length my swing just a little bit; when I try to consciously do it, I feel like when I push past my current point I spin out and get out of rhythm.
Chip
Jan 13, 2015 at 4:35 pm
Great article. I find that when my swing gets too long that my shoulders don’t turn anymore than usual. My arms get disconnected and inefficient. Therefore, when I make what I feel like is a 1/2 swing, it is actually a normal length backswing and I don’t lose any ball speed, trajectory gets lower, plus I am more consistent.
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:59 pm
Chris and Ca…yes for most people, but as little as I play I prefer a touch more control
Chris
Jan 13, 2015 at 10:09 pm
Perfect…thanks for the reply! Great article!
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:59 pm
Thanks marty
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:58 pm
Snow– of course they do
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:58 pm
Not– The Tour Average speed is 113…I think I am doing fine based on the small amount that I play
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:56 pm
SMRT– If you looked deeper at my article you might understand more than what you gleaned from your initial two minutes…
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:55 pm
Farmer- You’ll have to work hard as you get older so that it does not get too short
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:55 pm
Keith–
thanks
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:54 pm
Robert– you must do what works best for you for sure!
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:54 pm
Kevin– It is the same
tom stickney
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:53 pm
Chris– I would unless the dispersion is too wide
Kevin Park
Jan 13, 2015 at 1:52 pm
how come the initial data presented for a normal swing does not match the data in the summary chart?
Robert
Jan 13, 2015 at 1:51 pm
It’s also harder to make solid contact more consistently when taking the club further back. So you have to take that into account. I found that taking the club back shorter, but getting a tighter torque in my legs and hips ended up producing the same distance with a tighter dispersion and I hit is solid more consistently. However, one of the reasons this is happening is with this swing there is a slight delofting of the club at impact. So it’s a lower ballflight swing, same distance, more consistency. Works for me.
Keith
Jan 13, 2015 at 1:37 pm
Very helpful, thank you!
farmer
Jan 13, 2015 at 1:22 pm
I used to have a pretty long backswing. Age and some physical problems have made it a short backswing. If I had always been short, where would I be now?
SMRT
Jan 13, 2015 at 1:13 pm
So lengthen your back swing until you start spraying it… Too bad I can’t get the last two minutes of my life back.
not impressed
Jan 13, 2015 at 1:09 pm
Are those your actual driver figures Tom? Seems to me a big man like yourself who is so knowledgeable about the golf swing would be able to find some more club head speed.
snowman
Jan 13, 2015 at 3:13 pm
yes Tom, don’t you know everyone on Golfwrx swings the Driver 120mph with an average carry of 350 yards?
MartyMoose
Jan 13, 2015 at 12:31 pm
Good timing on this. I actually just shortened my backswing. It feels like a 3/4 swing now but I believe it is closer to a full swing as my swing was probably 5/4 before. I’m swinging smoother now, better contact, better trajectory and adding about 5 yards of distance to each iron. Shoulders should dictate backswing length.
Alex
Jan 13, 2015 at 12:02 pm
Just a small typo in the data provided. The speeds should be listed as MPH, not yards 🙂
Otherwise, nice article!
Zak Kozuchowski
Jan 13, 2015 at 12:10 pm
Thanks for the help, Alex.
Chris Nickel
Jan 13, 2015 at 11:58 am
Question…so if you’re getting basically the same dispersion in the normal and long swings…but greater carry in the long one, why wouldn’t you advocate for that??
ca1879
Jan 13, 2015 at 12:10 pm
My thought exactly. The distance gain was easily worth the slight increase in dispersion.
GMR
Jan 15, 2015 at 3:49 am
Particularly since you can always club down to tighten the dispersion when you are hitting the ball 20 yards further…