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Making sense of the most difficult questions in golf instruction

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If you’re a GolfWRXer, there’s little chance you haven’t read at least a few instruction articles from Dennis Clark and Tom Stickney. They’re golf-instruction legends on GolfWRX, with a combined 57 years experience teaching the game and 8 million GolfWRX views… and counting.

The GolfWRX Editorial Team has the pleasure of working with Dennis and Tom almost every week as we assist them in crafting  golf-instruction gold. This week, we thought we’d try a different format. We came up with the best questions we could think to ask them about golf instruction, and sent them the way of Clark, our resident PGA Master Professional, and Stickney, our very own Trackman Master. It made for an epic email chain, which became this incredible Q&A.

If you haven’t kept up on Clark and Stickney, do yourself a favor and browse through their Featured Writer Profiles to see what they’ve been writing about (here’s Dennis Clark‘s, here’s Tom Stickney‘s). Then make sure to read the Q&A below, in which Clark and Stickney help you navigate the maze the golf-instruction industry has become.

WRX: OK Dennis and Tom, let’s start this Q&A off with a question that’s widely debated among our readers. Do swing mechanics matter, or is it all about consistency?

Tom Stickney: In my opinion, you cannot have long-term consistency without mechanical efficiency. You will always be limited by your mechanics, and it’s tough to work around poor mechanics at the higher-handicap level.

Dennis Clark: If by mechanics we are referring to the positions and motions that direct the golf club, of course they matter. But they are not immutable; they change from golfer to golfer. Consistent, solid impact stems from finding one’s own mechanics.

WRX: What comes first when you’re teaching a new golfer? Is it more important to help them score better or swing better in the beginning?

Tom Stickney: Personally, I first try to teach them to get the ball airborne each time in any way possible. After they can do this with some consistency, I then add one swing thought at a time. I try not to put any outcome goals on students at this phase so that golf remains fun at this point.

Dennis Clark: Well, when I’m working with a new golfer there is no such thing as “better” because there’s nothing that preceded it. I’m trying to teach them to swing period. I do that by first teaching a grip and a stance. There is nothing normal about holding a golf club or standing over a golf ball, so they have to get used to that. I agree with Tom that we have to get flight as early on as we can. If they continue to hit ground balls, they’re not going to stay with the game. Scoring does not even enter my mind with the new golfer.

WRX: When does scoring start to matter more than swing mechanics?

Tom Stickney: Anytime your score actually matters, but what you will find is that with poor mechanics you will have a miss that you are working to stop or you will not be able to hit certain types of shots. When this occurs, get around the golf course in the least amount of strokes possible. Then get to the practice facility and fix it. 

Dennis Clark: I try to introduce scoring when my students can get their golf ball into the scoring zone, an area I consider 50 yards from the green, in the regulation number of strokes. If it is taking a player four or five shots to get to that area, scoring cannot be a concern… yet.

WRX: What technologies do you use in your teaching, and how often do you use them?

Dennis Clark: FlightScope, V1 Sports video and BodiTrak. I use FlightScope and BodiTrak often with skilled players, less often for higher handicaps and never for new players. Video for everyone, every lesson.

Tom Stickney: I use V1 Sports video and Trackman 4. Technology is in every one of my lessons, regardless of handicap level or age. It’s for my own benefit. I might not ever mention it or show the client the results unless it’s necessary, though. As the teacher, I feel I need all the information I can possibly get to make the best decision for my clients. I believe using technology is necessary for the teacher, so mistakes are kept to a minimum on my end.

WRX: What have you learned from technology, and how has it changed how you teach?

Tom Stickney: Technology has taught me how to better apply what I know from understanding the mechanics of the golf swing and how the body works while doing so.  Secondly, it has helped modify any incorrect thoughts or ideas I had as I learned more about how the ball and club interact. Lastly, technology helps me to see instantly what’s going on, and from there I can use my experience, knowledge, and talent to make people better. It has accelerated my ability to help people improve and stops any arguments that might erupt between teacher and student, as all the information is right there.

Dennis Clark: It’s been a big help in the diagnosis part of the lesson for sure. Impact is much more clearly defined. The D-Plane, true path, centered contact, swing plane, are all quantified and illustrated scientifically. Guesswork is reduced to a minimum. What’s more, not only are certain impact factors more clearly defined, in some cases technology has dispelled certain misconceptions under which many labored in the pre-tech era. Having taught in both eras, I can say unequivocally, this time is better!

Technology has had little to no effect on my approach to teaching golf, though. While I believe my communication and correctional skills have improved, it has more to do with experience than technology. After I know all the data, I have to do something with it. Here, I’m leaving the science and headed into the art of golf instruction. Despite the all the revelations on the screen, I still have to use my eyes and my gut to teach golf. If I can’t sense where the student is at every moment, all the technology in the world is not going to help me. Working with different learning styles and personalities, using many ways of saying the same thing … I’m the same guy, I just know more.

WRX: How much variance is acceptable in golf-instruction technology? What we’re asking is, does an instructor need to have the most accurate technology, or can budget tools work, too? What about teachers who don’t have access to modern technology?

Tom Stickney: Anything is better than nothing. In regards to teachers who don’t use technology, there is no excuse not to have video or a basic launch monitor. These things have been made affordable through iPhone and iPad technology for under $5, and a basic launch monitor will run under $500. If you want to be the best, you have to take the steps to be the best if you are beginning in the business in today’s day and age. I worked extra hours, never took days off, taught free clinics, and gave my services away as cheaply as possible to afford the chance to teach golf for a living. Once I had a following, I took out loans in order to re-invest in my business and influence my success in this business. You are either serious about your teaching career or you are not. Every top teacher I know in the business today did the same thing.

Dennis Clark: Ditto. I agree with Tom 100 percent.

WRX: Does an aspiring golf instructor need to go to PGM school nowadays?

Tom Stickney: Not having your PGA Affiliation can hamper your ability to get hired at many golf courses.

Dennis Clark: If teaching is an aspiring golf professional’s passion, he/she needs to build a resume by getting their PGA affiliation and seeking the advice and guidance of an experienced instructor. You learn teaching from teachers.

WRX: What lesson or tip drives you crazy to hear it on the range or from another instructor?

Dennis Clark: Slow your swing down. Keep your head down. Take your pick!

Tom Stickney: Any lesson given by someone other than a teaching professional. Ninety-nine percent of the time the people teaching other people on the range are only seeing the results of previous swing flaws, not the cause of the flaw itself. You might think you know what you are doing, but most of the time your tips are harmful.

Dennis Clark: I’ll add to that. It takes a trained and experienced teaching professional to understand the dynamics of the swing. Others are simply passing on tips that they’ve heard or read, and hoping that they get lucky. Every lesson is different.

WRX: You both have been writing for GolfWRX for several years, published many stories and responded to many more comments. What’s the best piece of advice you can offer our readers to improve their golf games?

Tom Stickney: Have fun! Golf is a game, not a death march. Enjoy the process: read all you can on the internet, visit YouTube, google the top teachers, seek out the best teachers in your area. The information is out there for you to improve; it’s up to you to find it. Lastly, I sincerely thank each and every person who has taken the time to read what I have written on GolfWRX and responded positively or negatively. It is a true honor and blessing to have an outlet to reach out to the masses. I am very lucky.

Dennis Clark: Find a teacher you trust and with whom you’re comfortable. Ask questions. Understand why you’re being asked to do something, and don’t ever lose sight of the big picture when working toward a goal. Getting bogged down in details is a recipe for disaster. Never fix that which is not broken, and when you read or hear a “tip,” be certain it applies to your problem.

I have been uncommonly lucky to have forged a career in the game I love. Writing for GolfWRX has been a most pleasant chapter in that career. The satisfaction of hearing from a reader that something I suggested has helped them improve is truly gratifying.  And if, through that progress, some are enjoying the game more, well, what a nice thought that is, too. 

WRX: Thanks guys. Now back to teaching!

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9 Comments

9 Comments

  1. ignorance123

    May 22, 2016 at 7:34 am

    I listen to the responses and I immediately gravitate to one instructor over the other (I won’t say who)…sounds like one needs to talk to a few instructors and establish a rapport with an instructor before committing to a swing change.

  2. Ace

    May 20, 2016 at 8:06 am

    Uhhh… what about the question “why is it so expensive?”….
    (fitting, clubs, lessons, shoes, tee times, etc. the list goes on and on)
    As much as we continue to fight the impression it keeps getting reinforced that golf is an elite sport for wealthy individuals. Nothing against that but lets make sure we are all at the same starting point.

    • Ra

      May 20, 2016 at 12:46 pm

      This has nothing to do with money, that’s why

  3. Bob Jones

    May 19, 2016 at 4:46 pm

    Why is “slow down your swing” bad advice?

      • Bob Jones

        May 19, 2016 at 8:51 pm

        Dennis, thank you for the link. I see what you mean. Much of this is confusion of terms, though, about which golf instruction does not have consistent definitions. Those terms are tempo, rhythm, and timing. The first two come from the world of music (I am a former professional opera singer), not golf. Tempo means the overall speed or pace of a piece of music. Rhythm is the varied duration of its parts (notes and rests). Stars and Stripes Forever can be played be played briskly or more stately (tempo), but the note values remain the same in either case (rhythm). In your article, the 3:1 ratio of backswing to downswing is the rhythm of the swing, not its timing. (And timing, it seems, means whatever the particular author/pro says it means. I have never found any consistency over this term.) If golfers only slow down part of their swing, then we can’t conclude that slowing down a swing is bad advice, because they didn’t follow the advice. While tempo is a preference, the golfers I play with swing on the fast side of how they should be swinging. Their swing is out of control. My own experience (which I could be projecting) is that whenever my ball striking goes south during a round, it’s because my tempo picked up, and rhythm consequently got disrupted. When I slow tempo back down, everything falls into place again. Swing speed for me is not a balance issue, but ultimately a club control issue.

        • Dennis Clark

          May 20, 2016 at 11:41 am

          Bob, thx for the reply. I think the operative phrase in your piece, is “I could be projecting”. That distinction is critical. “Slowing down your swing often leads to swinging faster and harder on the downswing”. That is an empirical observation based on observing thousands of swings over 35+ years. I long ago abondoned the policy of explaining what works or doesn’t work for ME. I’m glad you replied because I’m about to write a piece for WRX on this very subject. Thx. DC

  4. Other Paul

    May 19, 2016 at 1:08 pm

    Cool article. Well done you two.
    At one point Dennis says “It takes a trained and experienced teaching professional to understand the dynamics of the swing”. But then Dennis says “Never fix that which is not broken, and when you read or hear a “tip,” be certain it applies to your problem”
    How is the average golfer supposed to know if it applies if only the teachers know?

    I took a few lessons and played quite a bit the last few years. After having back pain the entire time i googled “golf without back pain” and found Kelvinmiyahira.com. since then i read everything he wrote or put on youtube. After learning his swing method i have had my back pain go away, i swing 20MPH faster (117 average 122 max) i have concluded that you pretty much need to pick a swing method and follow it. Dont read tips online or watch everything. I follow kelvin for full swing, and i take lessons from a local guy for short game and putting. The local guy has read kelvins stuff and doesn’t agree with it but likes my results. So my point is pick someone and follow, reading everything will mess you up.

    • Dennis Clark

      May 19, 2016 at 3:31 pm

      Good. Glad Kelvin is helping you, especially with the upper end tour club head speed. That’s awesome.

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19th Hole

Vincenzi’s 2024 Zurich Classic of New Orleans betting preview

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The PGA TOUR heads to New Orleans to play the 2023 Zurich Classic of New Orleans. In a welcome change from the usual stroke play, the Zurich Classic is a team event. On Thursday and Saturday, the teams play best ball, and on Friday and Sunday the teams play alternate shot.

TPC Louisiana is a par 72 that measures 7,425 yards. The course features some short par 4s and plenty of water and bunkers, which makes for a lot of exciting risk/reward scenarios for competitors. Pete Dye designed the course in 2004 specifically for the Zurich Classic, although the event didn’t make its debut until 2007 because of Hurricane Katrina.

Coming off of the Masters and a signature event in consecutive weeks, the field this week is a step down, and understandably so. Many of the world’s top players will be using this time to rest after a busy stretch.

However, there are some interesting teams this season with some stars making surprise appearances in the team event. Some notable teams include Patrick Cantlay and Xander Schauffele, Rory McIlroy and Shane Lowry, Collin Morikawa and Kurt Kitayama, Will Zalatoris and Sahith Theegala as well as a few Canadian teams, Nick Taylor and Adam Hadwin and Taylor Pendrith and Corey Conners.

Past Winners at TPC Louisiana

  • 2023: Riley/Hardy (-30)
  • 2022: Cantlay/Schauffele (-29)
  • 2021: Leishman/Smith (-20)
  • 2019: Palmer/Rahm (-26)
  • 2018: Horschel/Piercy (-22)
  • 2017: Blixt/Smith (-27)

2024 Zurich Classic of New Orleans Picks

Tom Hoge/Maverick McNealy +2500 (DraftKings)

Tom Hoge is coming off of a solid T18 finish at the RBC Heritage and finished T13 at last year’s Zurich Classic alongside Harris English.

This season, Hoge is having one of his best years on Tour in terms of Strokes Gained: Approach. In his last 24 rounds, the only player to top him on the category is Scottie Scheffler. Hoge has been solid on Pete Dye designs, ranking 28th in the field over his past 36 rounds.

McNealy is also having a solid season. He’s finished T6 at the Waste Management Phoenix Open and T9 at the PLAYERS Championship. He recently started working with world renowned swing coach, Butch Harmon, and its seemingly paid dividends in 2024.

Keith Mitchell/Joel Dahmen +4000 (DraftKings)

Keith Mitchell is having a fantastic season, finishing in the top-20 of five of his past seven starts on Tour. Most recently, Mitchell finished T14 at the Valero Texas Open and gained a whopping 6.0 strokes off the tee. He finished 6th at last year’s Zurich Classic.

Joel Dahmen is having a resurgent year and has been dialed in with his irons. He also has a T11 finish at the PLAYERS Championship at TPC Sawgrass which is another Pete Dye track. With Mitchell’s length and Dahmen’s ability to put it close with his short irons, the Mitchell/Dahmen combination will be dangerous this week.

Taylor Moore/Matt NeSmith +6500 (DraftKings)

Taylor Moore has quickly developed into one of the more consistent players on Tour. He’s finished in the top-20 in three of his past four starts, including a very impressive showing at The Masters, finishing T20. He’s also finished T4 at this event in consecutive seasons alongside Matt NeSmith.

NeSmith isn’t having a great 2024, but has seemed to elevate his game in this format. He finished T26 at Pete Dye’s TPC Sawgrass, which gives the 30-year-old something to build off of. NeSmith is also a great putter on Bermudagrass, which could help elevate Moore’s ball striking prowess.

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19th Hole

Vincenzi’s 2024 LIV Adelaide betting preview: Cam Smith ready for big week down under

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After having four of the top twelve players on the leaderboard at The Masters, LIV Golf is set for their fifth event of the season: LIV Adelaide. 

For both LIV fans and golf fans in Australia, LIV Adelaide is one of the most anticipated events of the year. With 35,000 people expected to attend each day of the tournament, the Grange Golf Club will be crawling with fans who are passionate about the sport of golf. The 12th hole, better known as “the watering hole”, is sure to have the rowdiest of the fans cheering after a long day of drinking some Leishman Lager.  

The Grange Golf Club is a par-72 that measures 6,946 yards. The course features minimal resistance, as golfers went extremely low last season. In 2023, Talor Gooch shot consecutive rounds of 62 on Thursday and Friday, giving himself a gigantic cushion heading into championship Sunday. Things got tight for a while, but in the end, the Oklahoma State product was able to hold off The Crushers’ Anirban Lahiri for a three-shot victory. 

The Four Aces won the team competition with the Range Goats finishing second. 

*All Images Courtesy of LIV Golf*

Past Winners at LIV Adelaide

  • 2023: Talor Gooch (-19)

Stat Leaders Through LIV Miami

Green in Regulation

  1. Richard Bland
  2. Jon Rahm
  3. Paul Casey

Fairways Hit

  1. Abraham Ancer
  2. Graeme McDowell
  3. Henrik Stenson

Driving Distance

  1. Bryson DeChambeau
  2. Joaquin Niemann
  3. Dean Burmester

Putting

  1. Cameron Smith
  2. Louis Oosthuizen
  3. Matt Jones

2024 LIV Adelaide Picks

Cameron Smith +1400 (DraftKings)

When I pulled up the odds for LIV Adelaide, I was more than a little surprised to see multiple golfers listed ahead of Cameron Smith on the betting board. A few starts ago, Cam finished runner-up at LIV Hong Kong, which is a golf course that absolutely suits his eye. Augusta National in another course that Smith could roll out of bed and finish in the top-ten at, and he did so two weeks ago at The Masters, finishing T6.

At Augusta, he gained strokes on the field on approach, off the tee (slightly), and of course, around the green and putting. Smith able to get in the mix at a major championship despite coming into the week feeling under the weather tells me that his game is once again rounding into form.

The Grange Golf Club is another course that undoubtedly suits the Australian. Smith is obviously incredibly comfortable playing in front of the Aussie faithful and has won three Australian PGA Championship’s. The course is very short and will allow Smith to play conservative off the tee, mitigating his most glaring weakness. With birdies available all over the golf course, there’s a chance the event turns into a putting contest, and there’s no one on the planet I’d rather have in one of those than Cam Smith.

Louis Oosthuizen +2200 (DraftKings)

Louis Oosthuizen has simply been one of the best players on LIV in the 2024 seas0n. The South African has finished in the top-10 on the LIV leaderboard in three of his five starts, with his best coming in Jeddah, where he finished T2. Perhaps more impressively, Oosthuizen finished T7 at LIV Miami, which took place at Doral’s “Blue Monster”, an absolutely massive golf course. Given that Louis is on the shorter side in terms of distance off the tee, his ability to play well in Miami shows how dialed he is with the irons this season.

In addition to the LIV finishes, Oosthuizen won back-to-back starts on the DP World Tour in December at the Alfred Dunhill Championship and the Mauritus Open. He also finished runner-up at the end of February in the International Series Oman. The 41-year-old has been one of the most consistent performers of 2024, regardless of tour.

For the season, Louis ranks 4th on LIV in birdies made, T9 in fairways hit and first in putting. He ranks 32nd in driving distance, but that won’t be an issue at this short course. Last season, he finished T11 at the event, but was in decent position going into the final round but fell back after shooting 70 while the rest of the field went low. This season, Oosthuizen comes into the event in peak form, and the course should be a perfect fit for his smooth swing and hot putter this week.

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Opinion & Analysis

The Wedge Guy: What really makes a wedge work? Part 1

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Of all the clubs in our bags, wedges are almost always the simplest in construction and, therefore, the easiest to analyze what might make one work differently from another if you know what to look for.

Wedges are a lot less mysterious than drivers, of course, as the major brands are working with a lot of “pixie dust” inside these modern marvels. That’s carrying over more to irons now, with so many new models featuring internal multi-material technologies, and almost all of them having a “badge” or insert in the back to allow more complex graphics while hiding the actual distribution of mass.

But when it comes to wedges, most on the market today are still single pieces of molded steel, either cast or forged into that shape. So, if you look closely at where the mass is distributed, it’s pretty clear how that wedge is going to perform.

To start, because of their wider soles, the majority of the mass of almost any wedge is along the bottom third of the clubhead. So, the best wedge shots are always those hit between the 2nd and 5th grooves so that more mass is directly behind that impact. Elite tour professionals practice incessantly to learn to do that consistently, wearing out a spot about the size of a penny right there. If impact moves higher than that, the face is dramatically thinner, so smash factor is compromised significantly, which reduces the overall distance the ball will fly.

Every one of us, tour players included, knows that maddening shot that we feel a bit high on the face and it doesn’t go anywhere, it’s not your fault.

If your wedges show a wear pattern the size of a silver dollar, and centered above the 3rd or 4th groove, you are not getting anywhere near the same performance from shot to shot. Robot testing proves impact even two to three grooves higher in the face can cause distance loss of up to 35 to 55 feet with modern ‘tour design’ wedges.

In addition, as impact moves above the center of mass, the golf club principle of gear effect causes the ball to fly higher with less spin. Think of modern drivers for a minute. The “holy grail” of driving is high launch and low spin, and the driver engineers are pulling out all stops to get the mass as low in the clubhead as possible to optimize this combination.

Where is all the mass in your wedges? Low. So, disregarding the higher lofts, wedges “want” to launch the ball high with low spin – exactly the opposite of what good wedge play requires penetrating ball flight with high spin.

While almost all major brand wedges have begun putting a tiny bit more thickness in the top portion of the clubhead, conventional and modern ‘tour design’ wedges perform pretty much like they always have. Elite players learn to hit those crisp, spinny penetrating wedge shots by spending lots of practice time learning to consistently make contact low in the face.

So, what about grooves and face texture?

Grooves on any club can only do so much, and no one has any material advantage here. The USGA tightly defines what we manufacturers can do with grooves and face texture, and modern manufacturing techniques allow all of us to push those limits ever closer. And we all do. End of story.

Then there’s the topic of bounce and grinds, the most complex and confusing part of the wedge formula. Many top brands offer a complex array of sole configurations, all of them admittedly specialized to a particular kind of lie or turf conditions, and/or a particular divot pattern.

But if you don’t play the same turf all the time, and make the same size divot on every swing, how would you ever figure this out?

The only way is to take any wedge you are considering and play it a few rounds, hitting all the shots you face and observing the results. There’s simply no other way.

So, hopefully this will inspire a lively conversation in our comments section, and I’ll chime in to answer any questions you might have.

And next week, I’ll dive into the rest of the wedge formula. Yes, shafts, grips and specifications are essential, too.

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